Establishing a D-band Waveguide Impedance Standard Including the Random Effects of a Vector Network Analyzer for 6G Wireless Communications

This article describes an established D-band waveguide impedance standard. The 8-term vector network analyzer (VNA) error model is used for our measurement system. A set of shims, a flush short, thru, and reciprocal device are as calibration standards to determine the coefficients VNA model. From measured raw scattering parameters dimensions each shim, model, propagation constant reflection coefficient short found using nonlinear optimization. Then, we evaluate uncertainty in parameter by combining fitting uncertainty, dimension random effects into residual Finally, calculate capabilities (CMCs)